Wednesday, April 1, 2020

Built for Another Century... The Stafford Hotel

The Stafford Hotel, a project conceived by Dr. William A. Moale, was designed by Charles E. Cassell and built by William Ferguson & Brother. Construction began around September 1892 and by March 1893, construction had reached the sixth floor. It was intended first as an apartment house and the rooms are arranged with this view, but in December 1893 it was decided to open as a hotel, with a portion of the rooms, still divided into suites for family use and leased for that purpose. These suites could to be divided into single rooms as desired.  Each floor consisted of eight suites of three bedrooms each, with interior finishes in hardwood. With an 80-foot frontage on Washington Place, and standing 12 stories tall, it made quite a statement and was one of the contributing factors to a height restriction eventually being place on new construction on that part of Baltimore.



The hotel was completed and opened by July 1, 1894. The front and sides of this fireproof hotel were Pompeiian bricks and brownstone in the Romanesque style. The main entrance led to a tilled hallway decorated in Romanesque designs. Soft monotints of the wall and ceilings were relieved with friezes and borders in conventional patterns flecked with gold. To the right of the hallway was the ladies' reception room, entered by a separate street entrance, and decorated in the Louis XVI style. Adjoining is room was the main office, private office, and elevator entrance.

On the left of the hallway was the main dining room carpeted in crimson, and with oak furnishings. The table appointments were all marked with the Stafford coat of arms, and the central panel in the front window of the dining room was formed of the coat of arms in colored glass. All the brass electric light brackets and chandeliers bore reproductions of the Stafford arms. To the rear of the dining room was the café, smoking and lounging rooms, bar, barber shop, and coatroom.

There were also iron and stone stairways encircling the central rotunda of the of the building, which was lighted through a skylight. Two passenger elevators and a freight elevator also gave access to the upper floors. There was also a newsstand located in the rotunda.


The second floor contained the ladies' parlor and drawing room facing Washington Place, with a writing room adjoining. A café was also on this for ladies traveling unattended and for permanent guests who did not care to go to the public dining room. White and gold decorations and furniture gave this room an attractive appearance. Private dining rooms, adjoining a reception room for their occupants, occupied the back of the second floor.

On the upper floors were 140 bedrooms and 30 private parlors in suites. Each floor had connecting rooms for the convenience of families and parties occupying them. Eighty bathrooms were scattered among the suites. The hotel also featured a bridal chamber which was finished in delicate shades of carpet and hangings, with ivory and gold furniture to correspond. The other chambers and parlors were finished with solid colored carpets and furniture of oak, birch and maple of handsome design. The hallways throughout the hotel were carpeted in crimson to great effect. And each room was connected by telephone with the hotel office and was lighted with incandescent lamps.

The twelfth floor contained a trunk room for guests’ baggage.

Decorating of the original hotel was done by Emmart & Quarterly, with J.W. Putts and Company providing the crockery and Reed & Barton providing the silverware.


By 1906 it was time to update the hotel, which though modern for its time when built, was in need of updating foe the 20th Century. Charles E. Cassell & Son were selected as the architects for the improvements and Edward Brady & Son was the contractor doing the work on the hotel. With a budget of $50,000, the remodeling included new furniture in every bedroom, as well as the reception rooms, dining room, lobby, rotunda and other apartments. The major improvements were however to be on the first floor and basement of the hotel.

Partitions were installed on each side of the entrance corridor, dividing the dining room. The ladies’ reception room and office were removed. The dining room was widened as far back as the rotunda and all of the space on the other side of the dining room was be occupied as a lobby or lounging room. The dining room was divided off by a French beveled plate glass partition with glass doors. The glass partition was trimmed with bronze and had a marble base. French plate glass mirrors, resting on marble bases, were hung on all the walls of the dining room and the large marble columns which were on the south side of the dining room, and had been decorated with numerous electric wall lights were removed. The woodwork if the dining room was of a Verde antique bronze finish. Candelabra with colored shades were placed on the tables and projecting from the ceiling were electric lights. The lights were covered with the coat of arms of the hotel and large prism glass globes.


Lights similar to those in the dining room were installed in the lobby. Sheraton style furniture was ordered for the hotel, the first-floor chairs and couches were of mahogany and antique woodwork, being finished in crimson leather, the larger pieces bearing the crest of the hotel. The A.B. & E.L. Shaw Company of Boston supplied the lobby furniture. The crest was also hung crest now hangs on the walls of the entrance corridor. This crest represented the original coat of arms of the Duke of Stafford who was a relative of Dr. Moale who established the hotel.


The partitions at the rear of the rotunda which had formed the barber shop, toilet, package and storage rooms were removed and the space devoted to the office, telegraph and telephone booths, and check room. To the north of the lobby was now the ladies retiring room which contained a dresser, mirror and washstand. The roof of this retiring room was of glass and from it suspended droplights. The hotel office was now situated in the space formerly occupied as the public toilet and cloak room, the news stand, and barber shop. Mont Blanc marble, with a beautiful red vein running through it, divided the office. Opposite the office was now the telegraph station and news stand. The cafe and bar were redecorated with bright colors on the walls, and the woodwork was re-polished. A marble stairway was installed to connect the basement and first floor.

On the south side of the basement, directly below the dining room a grill room was created. Entrance to the grillroom was gained by a corridor which was reached by the new marble stairway leading from the office above. The grill room featured a floor of mosaic and the woodwork finished in quartered fumed oak, the panels and the ceiling to correspond. The caps of the marble columns were solid gilt with gilded ornaments at the intersections of the main ribs. The chairs of the grill were of mission style. The electric fixtures were of hammered brass. Reminiscing in 1944, James P.A. O'Connor, first manager of the bar, who worked at the hotel from 1894 to 1911, described the original bar as thimble sized with the proverbial black leather upholstered furniture.  


On the north side of the corridor in the basement a men's toilet, barber shop and bootblacks’ rooms were created. The floor of both the basement and the first floor were of white marble and mosaic with colored borders which kept with the architecture of the hotel.

A number of changes were made on the fourth, fifth, and sixth floors. These bedrooms were enlarged with the removal of partitions. New mahogany furniture was ordered for each room, as well and other rooms of the hotel, and new satin finish brass beds were purchased for the 150 bedrooms.

The entire hotel was re-carpeted with Persian rugs, every room and corridor repapered and repainted, new draperies of silk tapestry hung, and a new range installed in the kitchen.

With renovations complete, the first floor which had previously seemed crowded by the office and the ladies’ reception room in the front was now roomy and up to date.

On June 28, 1908 Princess Lwoff-Parlaghay arrived at the Stafford Hotel taking the entire second floor of 13 rooms which had been reserved for her, staying until the next Thursday.

In 1911 dining room of the hotel was again redecorated, painters and decorators making the white room a veritable bower of gilt and white.

By 1918 the hotel boasts 132 rooms and a staff of 93 people, to include: 9 chambermaids (2 in linen room), 3 day scrub women, 3 night scrub women, 2 housemen, 2 passenger elevator men, 2 freight elevator men, 1 painter, 5 bellboys, 2 parlor maids, 11 waiters, 1 waitress, 1 busboy, 2 captains, 1 porter, 1 yardman, 1 fireman, 1 watchman, 15 kitchen help, and 11 pantry help.

In 1931 the hotel was taken over by the Stafford Hotel Apartment Company which ran the hotel until at least 1960. That year, with the new ownership, extensive alterations were commenced on the hotel, with the entire hotel being repainted and refurbished, and the entire lobby and dining room were greatly enlarged and completely redecorated. At least a portion of the original hotel furnishing we disposed of at this time.

 Main Lobby
circa 1946


The hotel was again remodeled and redecorated in 1934, with the bar/grill being rechristened the Hunt Room by Manager Morton A. Grant. Only the old mahogany bar top remained of the former furnishings. The room was now bright and snappy with pastel shades and mirror finishes. The bar, which accounted for 40 to 50 percent of the profits of the hotel, was formerly a dreary wood paneled bar. It opened September 6, 1934 as the Hunt Room Cocktail Lounge, S. Dickson Wright manager at the time. At it's opening it was called a "classic mirror bar in our new Grecian Hunt Room." This bar remained through at least 1948. The remodeled dining room also opened that day.

Original Grecian Hunt Room

The hotel was again redecorated in 1935 and underwent another refurbishing in 1936. The later refurbishment resulted in the lobby being decorated in pink and silver. One of the famous guests at this time was F. Scott Fitzgerald who checked in on December 26, 1936 into room 409 and ran up a $22.35 bar and restaurant bill.

Hunt Room Cocktail Lounge

By 1944, few of the original furnishings remained, a few coffee pots, several silver trays, and several old prints of hunt scenes that once adorned the bar. However, brought back to sight about that time was the original marble mosaic floor in the foyer which had been covered by carpets for many years. But gone was the plate glass wall separating the dining room from the foyer. That wall was removed when the dining room was moved to the second floor. Gone also was the tiny circular elevator that operated in the rear corner of the foyer. This disappeared when a new elevator was placed in the well made by a circular staircase which was once the pride of the hotel especially because of its wrought iron railing. Still remaining at this time was the marble and tile lined cellar. Also still in operation was the boiler room under the bed of Washington Place with a manhole though which coal was fed to the boiler room. As mentioned above, tiny bar with its with black leather covered furniture, and adjoining barbershop of thimble size, had all disappeared and the entire space given over to a large modern lounge.

Typical Bedroom


In 1946 the 52-year-old marquee was removed, an old iron canopy which was held in place by huge chains and reached from the building to the curb line.

By 1960 the bar had been rechristened the Coach Room Bar. In 1962 the lobby was remodeled, enlarged, repainted and new lighting was installed. At this time the dining room and the banquet rooms were repainted, and new lighting and new wall to wall carpets installed. The following year the lobby corridors were remodeled was well as the hotel rooms, the later being enlarged and redecorated. They also converted the first floor Mount Vernon Room into a dining room, which was enlarged, redesigned, and relighted.

The hotel finally closed on January 15, 1973 after nearly 79 years in business, being taken over by the Facilities Management Corporation. Later that month the hotel was "gutted." Cleaned out in a few hours in what was described in the newspapers of the days as a "loot riot" and "ten story flea market." Solid brass chandeliers sold for $45, bathtubs for $10, room numbers for $2. Other items included marble topped night stands, framed pictures, lamps and Sheraton style dressers with inlaid wood décor and glass tops.

Today the building still stands, now used for apartments, little if any of the interior design features remaining.

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